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PIA (Privacy Impact Assessment) is an analysis of how personally identifiable information (PII) is handled to ensure compliance with appropriate regulations, determine the privacy risks associated with information systems or activities, and evaluate ways to reduce the privacy risks.
The PIA includes the following tasks:
1) Data processing cycle analysis – it enables a data user to identify the key areas of privacy concerns and focus its attention on addressing these concerns – in ensuring that personal data is collected on a fully informed basis and in a fair manner, with due consideration towards minimising the amount of personal data collected. Once collected, the personal data should be maintained and processed in a secure manner and should only be kept for as long as necessary for the fulfilment of the purposes of using the data. Use of the data should be limited to or related to the original collection purpose. Data Subjects are given the right to access and make corrections to their data;
2) Privacy risks analysis - specifies requirements and provides guidance for establishing, implementing, maintaining and continually improving the Privacy Information Management System (‘PIMS’).
3) Avoiding or mitigating privacy risks - privacy risks should be avoided or mitigated to protect the personal data against indiscriminate or unauthorised access, processing, erasure, loss or use; and
4) PIA reporting – it records the due process undertaken by a data user to proactively manage the privacy risks.
PCA (Privacy Compliance Assessment) reviews the information systems and to verify the status after implementation of recommended safeguards to ensure that all privacy risks identified have been eradicated or mitigated or reduced to an acceptable level with regard to the recommendations provided in the PIA Report.
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